Performance Improvement Capability: Keys to Accelerating Performance Improvement in Hospitals
研究了医院绩效改进能力（PIC）的五个关键组成部分（技能、系统、结构、战略、文化），解释了组织间改进速度差异的原因，对医院管理者和质量改进人员有参考价值。
Organizations differ considerably in their rate of improvement. Since any improvement trajectory is the fruit of a series of improvement projects, the proximate cause of this variation among organizations lies in the varied ways these projects are managed. The success of these projects depends, however, not only on the goals and efforts of the project team, but also on the context within which the projects are undertaken - and, more specifically, on the competencies on which the projects can draw. It is variation in these competencies - the organization's underlying performance improvement capability (PIC) - that explain the substantial and sustained differences in rates of improvement across organizations. This article describes the efforts of several hospitals to strengthen their PIC through 5 key components: 1. skills, 2. systems, 3. structure, 4, strategy, and 5. culture.