The Russian Private Banking Houses, 1870–1914
研究了1870至1914年间俄罗斯私人银行家族在信贷体系中的重要作用，指出它们基本不受监管，并与财政部发生冲突，反映了商业圈影响力的上升。
This article discusses the Russian private banking houses between 1870 and 1914. The author concludes that these enterprises played an important, and largely unregulated, role in the Russian credit system prior to 1914. Their conflicts with the Ministry of Finance testify to the growing influence of business circles in Russian life shortly before the war.