Strategic Planning and Organizational Performance: A Critical Appraisal
批判性审视了战略规划与组织硬绩效指标之间的实证关系文献，区分了正式战略规划、规划内容及环境与绩效的关系，为理论和实践者提供研究启示与未来方向。
The literature addressing the empirical relationships between strategic planning and hard measures of organizational performance is examined. Distinctions are drawn among formal strategic planning; strategic planning content; and research linking strategic planning, environment, and organizational performance. Implications of the extant research and recommendations for future research are offered for theorists and practitioners alike.