Geographical indication regulation and intra‐trade in the European Union
利用欧盟27国农产品贸易面板数据，研究地理标志保护对欧盟内部贸易的影响，发现当进出口国均有地理标志产品时促进贸易，而进口国无地理标志时产生贸易转移效应。
Abstract Protection of indications of geographical origin (GIs) can reduce information asymmetry between producers and consumers, and potentially enhance trade. However, GIs can also possibly divert trade. We rely on panel data about agri‐food trade among the 27 countries of the European Union to investigate these issues using variations of estimators proposed by Head and Mayer ( ) and Santos Silva and Tenreyro ( ). Our findings suggest that the protection of GIs creates trade when the importing and exporting countries have GI‐protected products. There is also empirical evidence regarding a trade‐diverting effect when the importing country does not have GIs and a border enlargement effect arising from European GI‐protection.