Simple Models for Multiattribute Choice with Many Alternatives: When It Does and Does Not Pay to Face Trade-offs with Binary Attributes
研究在偏好为线性且属性为二元时，避免权衡的简单模型（如确定性逐方面排除和等权重模型）的效果，发现这些有限理性模型的结果与理性模型高度一致，并强调二元属性的重要性。
Given the difficulties people experience in making trade-offs, what are the consequences of using simple models that avoid trade-offs? We examine choices by such models in environments where “true” preferences are linear and attributes are characterized by binary attributes. A deterministic elimination-by-aspects (DEBA) model is highly effective over a range of conditions. When preferences are quite compensatory, however, a modified equal weighting (EW) model that uses DEBA to resolve ties is more effective. We explore the sensitivity of results to errors in using DEBA, to different distributions of alternatives, and to error in “true” preferences. Under the conditions examined here, the outcomes of these “boundedly rational” models are highly consistent with “rational” models that explicitly confront trade-offs. We emphasize the importance of binary attributes in reaching these conclusions.