Non‐Native Speakers of English in the Classroom: What are the Effects on Pupil Performance?
研究英格兰小学中非英语母语学生比例对英语母语学生成绩的影响，发现原始数据中的负相关主要由选择偏差导致，因果分析表明无显著负面影响。
There has been an increase in the number of children going to school in England who do not speak English as a first language. We investigate whether this has an impact on the educational outcomes of native English speakers at the end of primary school. We show that the negative correlation observed in the raw data is mainly an artefact of selection: non-native speakers are more likely to attend school with disadvantaged native speakers. We attempt to identify a causal impact of changes in the percentage of non-native speakers. Our results suggest zero effect and rule out negative effects.