Autonomy‐Enhancing Paternalism
提出一种新型软家长主义，通过帮助个体提升批判反思和自主决策能力来增进福利，而非替他们做决定，从而避免操纵、尊重个体差异并减少未来干预的必要。
Summary We present a form of soft paternalism called “autonomy‐enhancing paternalism” that seeks to increase individual well‐being by facilitating the individual ability to make critically reflected, autonomous decisions. The focus of autonomy‐enhancing paternalism is on helping individuals to become better decision‐makers, rather than on helping them by making better decisions for them. Autonomy‐enhancing paternalism acknowledges that behavioral interventions can change the strength of decision‐making anomalies over time, and favors those interventions that improve, rather than reduce, individuals' ability to make good and unbiased decisions. By this it prevents manipulation of the individual by the soft paternalist, accounts for the heterogeneity of individuals, and counteracts slippery slope arguments by decreasing the probability of future paternalistic interventions. Moreover, autonomy‐enhancing paternalism can be defended based on both liberal values and welfare considerations.