Introduction: William Ouchi's Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese Challenge
介绍威廉·大内1981年提出的Z理论，探讨其社会学视角与以往管理方法的区别，强调提升员工忠诚度、参与决策和团队奖励的人力资源实践，并分析该书为何在当时广受欢迎。
Executive Overview This article describes the Theory Z proposed by William Ouchi in his book published in 1981, “Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge.” The author discusses how Ouchi's sociological approach differs from the management approaches of the 1960s and 1970s, as he outlines the new tools available to managers. Ouchi discusses human resource practices that increase employee loyalty, increased employee participation in decision making, and group-based reward systems. Further discussion of why Ouchi's book became so popular is presented, as is a discussion of the book in relation to other management-related publications at the time of publication.