Autogenesis: A Perspective on the Process of Organizing
提出一种名为“自创生”的组织理论视角，将复杂社会组织解释为深层结构、元素结构和观察结构三种类型的相互作用，旨在扩展组织理论的研究范围。
This paper presents a perspective on organizational theory called ‘autogenesis’. This perspective has a long history in both the natural and social sciences, but is suggested particularly by recent developments in the field of self-organizing systems. According to this perspective, complex social organization can be explained in terms of the interplay of three distinct types of structure: (1) deep structure, which consists of a generative grammar (rules) for organizing; (2) elemental structure, which is the manifest form taken by individual social interactions; and (3) observed structure, which is the supra-individual group or organization as perceived by an observer of the system. The implications of this perspective for expanding the scope of theory and research on social organizations in general, and the process of organizing in particular, are discussed.