Low Income and Poor Health Choices: The Example of Smoking
研究了低收入者为何更可能吸烟，提出收入不仅约束预算，还影响未来效用，从而解释其不健康选择。
Low‐income individuals often make relatively unhealthy consumption choices. In the case of food, this is often attributed to limited budgets. We investigate another possibility, motivated by the fact that smoking is more prevalent among those with low incomes, despite the cost. We develop a model in which income serves both as a budget constraint and as a source of future utility. We test the model by estimating logistic models of beginning and quitting smoking. We find support for the idea that low‐income consumers make less healthy choices because they face lower costs in terms of forgone future utility.