Debt, finance, production and trade in a North-South model: the surplus approach
基于斯拉法剩余方法构建短期南北模型，引入统一国际银行体系，分析区域内外的挤出与挤入效应、信贷竞争及债务危机根源，包括银行贷款推动现象。
This paper presents a short-period North-South model based upon the surplus approach formalized by Piero Sraffa. Its major innovation is the introduction of a unified international banki ng sector, patterned after the Euro-banking system, that creates cred it as a multiple of deposits received from each region. The model fac ilities investigation of "crowding out" and "crowding in" within and across regions, interregional and intraregional competition for c redit, and the origins of debt crises, including the Brimmer-Kindlebe rger commercial bank "loan pushing" phenomenon. The model also is c ompared briefly with other recent explanations for the developing-cou ntry debt trauma. Copyright 1987 by Oxford University Press.