Racial Profiling as a Public Policy Question: Efficiency, Equity, and Ambiguity
从公共政策角度分析交通执法中的种族画像，认为其违反公平原则，且效率影响不确定，属于模糊性决策，最终反对该政策。
This paper considers racial profiling in traffic stops as a public policy problem. Efficiency and equity considerations are characterized. I argue that while there is a strong argument that racial profiling produces a violation of fairness, specifically in the treatment of innocent black motorists, the efficiency effects of profiling are not known. One cannot assign probabilities to the possible magnitudes of either deterrent effects or the harms of profiling to individuals. This makes the assessment of profiling an example of decisionmaking under ambiguity. I defend a notion of a “Fairness Presumption” that requires a policymaker to be able to make an affirmative case if a policy is to be implemented that induces unfairness. On this basis, I reject racial profiling as a policy. Steven N. Durlauf Department of Economics University of Wisconsin 1180 Observatory Drive Madison, WI 53706-1393 sdurlauf@ssc.wisc.edu