The clock is ticking! Executive temporal depth, industry velocity, and competitive aggressiveness
研究高管考虑过去和未来的时间跨度（时间深度）与行业机会变化速度如何共同影响企业主动挑战对手的竞争侵略性，并发现竞争侵略性在高速度行业中更能提升企业绩效。
We examine how the interplay between executive temporal depth (time horizons that executives consider when contemplating past and future events) and industry velocity (the rate at which new opportunities emerge and disappear in an industry) shapes competitive aggressiveness (a firm's propensity to challenge rivals directly and intensely in order to maintain or improve its market position) and firm performance. Based on panel data (from 1995 to 2000) from 258 firms in 23 industries, we found that executive temporal depth exhibited different patterns of relationships with competitive aggressiveness in low‐ and high‐velocity industries. Moreover, competitive aggressiveness had a positive main effect on firm performance, but this effect was stronger in high‐velocity industries than in low‐velocity industries . Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.