Marketization of Production and the US-Europe Employment Gap
发现美国与德国女性的就业差距主要源于家务等非市场活动市场化的程度不同，而非工资或福利差异，对理解跨国就业模式差异有参考价值。
Women work much more in the US than in Germany and most other EU economies. We find that the US-German employment gap is not strongly related to cross-country differences in the level of pay or social benefits. The difference in employment is due to the different marketization of activities between the two economies: German women work as many hours as US women when we consider time spent in household production as well as in market production. For instance, German women spend more time preparing meals while US women use take-out and restaurants more intensely. The organization of some social activities, such as schooling, and the dispersion of skills, as well as pay differences, affect the degree of marketization.