Why is Poverty So High Among Afro-Brazilians? A Decomposition Analysis of the Racial Poverty Gap
研究分解了巴西白人与黑人贫困差距的成因，发现教育和劳动变量解释了一半差距，地理和社会人口变量解释了另外五分之二。
Abstract This study aimed to identify the major factors underlying the discrepancy in poverty levels between whites and blacks in Brazil. An Oaxaca–Blinder-type decomposition was performed in order to quantify the extent to which differences in observed characteristics (characteristics effect) account for this difference. The remaining unexplained part (coefficients effect) provides evidence on how these characteristics are differentially associated with the risk of poverty in each group. Our results show that the characteristics effect explains a large part of the discrepancy in poverty levels: education and labour variables explain one-half of the gap, and geographic and sociodemographic variables another two-fifths.