Locally Rational Decision Making: The Distracting Effect of Information on Managerial Performance
通过市场模拟游戏实验发现，即使决策者正确使用信息，信息的易得性也会使其过度关注信息直接相关的决策部分，忽略更关键的成功因素，导致整体绩效下降，即“局部理性”现象。
This paper describes a phenomenon called “locally rational” decision-making, in which the mere presence of information may have dysfunctional consequences even if decision makers do not process the information incorrectly. Using the results from an experiment conducted with a strategic market simulation game, we find that the accessibility of information results in a disposition to focus on those components of decision-making most clearly addressed by the information. If these are not the components most closely tied to success, overall performance may in fact suffer. The decision-making process is thus “locally rational” since it may be optimal with respect to specific components of a larger plan, but globally suboptimal with regard to ultimate outcomes and for the organization as a whole. We describe the implications of the phenomenon for the use of market-related data in managerial decision-making.