Preferences, reductionism and the microfoundations of Analytical Marxism
质疑分析马克思主义主张采用理性选择理论作为微观基础的做法，指出其在经济理论领域面临的问题，包括实证主义与实在论之间的张力，以及个体主义与反还原论方法的困境。
Analytical Marxism has recommended that Marxian theory should conform to 'normal' scientific methods and that this should involve the development of micro-foundations. The latter has involved the adoption of rational choice theory and its corresponding assumptions regarding agents' behaviour. This paper seeks to question this position and highlight a number of problems which Analytical Marxism faces, particularly in the domain of economic theory. The different views of science espoused by Analytical Marxists display a tension between 'positivist' and 'realist' perspectives, and the arguments for individualist and anti-reductionist approaches to social and economic theory are also argued to be problematic. The approach of Analytical Marxism, it is suggested, can involve the uncritical adoption of many of the assumptions of standard economic theory and, as such, it is subject to a number of substantive criticisms, some of which have been elaborated from within mainstream economic theory.