Chiefs: Economic Development and Elite Control of Civil Society in Sierra Leone
研究了塞拉利昂酋长权力约束对经济结果、公民态度和社会资本的影响，发现统治家族数量少的酋长领地发展更差，但酋长权威和社会资本更高，可能源于酋长对公民社会的控制。
We study the effect of constraints on chiefs' power on economic outcomes, citizens' attitudes, and social capital. A paramount chief in Sierra Leone must come from a ruling family originally recognized by British colonial authorities. In chiefdoms with fewer ruling families, chiefs face less political competition, and development outcomes are significantly worse today. Variation in the security of property rights over land is a potential mechanism. Paradoxically, with fewer ruling families, the institutions of chiefs' authority are more highly respected, and measured social capital is higher. We argue that these results reflect the capture of civil society organizations by chiefs.