Dairy Tariff‐Quota Liberalization: Contrasting Bilateral and Most Favored Nation Reform Options
构建了一个高度细分的美国特种奶酪进口局部均衡模型，评估双边与最惠国关税配额改革方案的影响，发现自由化路径因改革方式而异。
Abstract A highly disaggregated, “tariff line,” source‐differentiated, partial equilibrium model of U.S. specialty cheese imports is developed to investigate reform options for tariff‐rate quotas (TRQs). A mixed‐complementarity framework is used to represent bilateral and most favored nation (MFN) tariff quotas. The impacts of liberalizing U.S. specialty cheese imports via bilateral and MFN quota expansions, out‐of‐quota tariff cuts, and simultaneous liberalization scenarios are evaluated. We find that the path of liberalization is quite different, depending on the reform approach undertaken, particularly if the United States adopted an MFN quota administration mechanism for specialty cheese imports.