Private monetary transfers in rural china: Are families altruistic?
利用1988年大型农户调查数据，检验农村亲属间货币转移是出于利他动机还是服务交换，发现利他主义无法完全解释，交换可能参与其中，多数转移是成年子女给老年父母或移民汇款，照看孩子可能是主要交换服务。
Monetary transfers between relatives may be motivated by altruism, or they may represent payments for services rendered. Data from a large 1988 household survey are used to test these hypotheses and to study the size and direction of transfers in rural China. The analysis suggests that altruism alone cannot explain the observed transfers and that exchange may be involved. Most of the money flows appear to be transfers from adult children to elderly parents and remittances from migrants. Child care is likely to be one of the main services that parents render to adult children in exchange for money.