Colonizing Knowledge: Commodification as a Dynamic of Jurisdictional Expansion in Professional Service Firms
从场域层面分析管理知识生产过程，识别出商品化和殖民化两个动力，解释五大专业服务公司如何通过知识商品化扩张到相邻专业领域，引发冲突与变革。
This paper provides a field level analysis of the process by which management knowledge is produced. Two linked dynamics are identified as important components of this process. The first is the commodification of management knowledge, or the tendency to reduce knowledge to a routinized and codified product. We argue that the commodification of management knowledge is a cyclical process that has been institutionalized by the interests of distinct categories of social actors. The second dynamic, termed colonization, refers to the migration of Big Five professional service firms into adjacent professional jurisdictions. Colonization is the result of intensification of commodification and has produced intense conflict and change in the organizational field of management knowledge production.