Youth smoking, cigarette prices, and anti‐smoking sentiment
构建了州级反吸烟情绪的直接度量指标，结合1992和2000年青少年吸烟微观数据，发现控制反吸烟情绪后香烟价格对吸烟参与影响微弱，而反吸烟情绪有重要影响，但青少年和年轻成年吸烟者的香烟需求对价格有反应。
In this paper, we develop a new direct measure of state anti-smoking sentiment and merge it with micro-data on youth smoking in 1992 and 2000. The empirical results from the cross-sectional models show two consistent patterns: after controlling for differences in state anti-smoking sentiment, the price of cigarettes has a weak and statistically, insignificant influence on smoking participation, and state anti-smoking sentiment appears to have a potentially important influence on youth smoking participation. The cross-sectional results are corroborated by results from the discrete time hazard models of smoking initiation that include state-fixed effects. However, there is evidence of price-responsiveness in the conditional cigarette demand by youth and young adult smokers.