Estimating the Consequences of Unintended Fertility for Child Health and Education in Romania: An Analysis Using Twins Data*
利用头胎双胞胎作为自然实验，估计意外生育对罗马尼亚儿童营养状况和入学率的影响，发现头胎双胞胎冲击对儿童人力资本投资有负面影响，尤其对后出生的兄弟姐妹。
Abstract We use the natural experiment of twins at first birth to estimate the effects of unplanned fertility on the nutritional status and school enrolment of children in Romania, a country with a unique fertility history. A first‐birth twins shock has negative impacts on children's human capital investments, particularly for later‐born siblings. We infer that harsh pronatalist policies prior to the 1989 Revolution had adverse consequences for the human capital of Romanian children, and that policies to make fertility control easier will have significant positive impacts on children's health and schooling.