The Effects of European Competition Policy on Pricing and Profit Margins
分析了欧共体和西德对横向协议及限制性做法的政策如何影响西德制造业的定价和利润率，发现反垄断案件有短期效果但无长期威慑效应，1957年后存在制度效应导致价格普遍下降。
SUMMARY This paper analyzes the effects of EEC and West German policy towards horizontal agreements and restrictive practices on the performance of the West German manufacturing sector. Three empirical studies are reported: (1) a time‐series study of price indexes for 10 products from the mid‐1950's to the present; (2) a cross‐section study (for 1979 data) of 106 industries; and (3) an analysis of changes in company profit margins over time. The results suggest some short‐run response to antitrust cases, but no long‐lasting ‘deterrent’ effect. There is some evidence of a ‘regime effect’ occurring after 1957, i. e., a general price decline in West German industry due to changes in the competitive environment which started in that year.