Afriat’s Theorem and some Extensions to Choice under Uncertainty
回顾了悉尼·阿弗里亚特提出的检验消费者数据是否与效用最大化一致的方法，并扩展到偏好结构受限的情形，如同质性、可分性和拟线性，后半部分则开发了期望和非期望效用最大化行为的一致性检验。
The first part of the article reviews the methodology developed by Sydney Afriat for determining whether a finite set of price and quantity data are consistent with utility maximising behaviour by a consumer. Some extensions of his basic model to models of consumer behaviour where the structure of preferences is restricted in some way are also explained. Examples of special structures are homotheticity, separability and quasi‐linearity of the utility function. The second half of the article is devoted to developing Afriat‐type consistency tests for expected and non‐expected utility maximising behaviour.