Financial Integration, Financial Development, and Global Imbalances
分析金融一体化如何导致全球失衡，发现金融市场更发达的国家会逐步积累外国负债，且金融发展差异影响外国投资组合的构成。
Global financial imbalances can result from financial integration when countries differ in financial markets development. Countries with more advanced financial markets accumulate foreign liabilities in a gradual, long-lasting process. Differences in financial development also affect the composition of foreign portfolios: countries with negative net foreign asset positions maintain positive net holdings of nondiversifiable equity and foreign direct investment. Three observations motivate our analysis: (1) financial development varies widely even among industrial countries, with the United States on top; (2) the secular decline in the U.S. net foreign asset position started in the early 1980s, together with a gradual process of international financial integration; (3) the portfolio composition of U.S. net foreign assets features increased holdings of risky assets and a large increase in debt. (c) 2009 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.