Nano-economics, spinoffs, and the wealth of regions
比较了底特律汽车、阿克伦轮胎、硅谷半导体和达卡服装四个产业集群的历史演变，发现员工离职创办新企业是集群形成的主要机制，并讨论了相关政策和员工流动问题。
The historical evolution of four prominent industry clusters is compared: automobiles in Detroit, Michigan, tires in Akron, Ohio, semiconductors in Silicon Valley, California, and cotton garments in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Detailed data are collected concerning the intellectual and geographic origins of entrants into the clusters and other regions to probe the mechanisms underlying geographic clustering. The main mechanism at work in the four clusters involves employees leaving established firms to found their own firms or shape new entrants in their industry. Questions and policy implications related to the spinoff mechanism and the mobility of employees are discussed.