Training Systems and Labor Mobility: A Comparison between Germany and Sweden*
利用德国和瑞典的回顾性生命史调查数据，比较普通学校职业培训与学徒制培训对企业间、职业间和行业间流动性的影响，发现学徒制降低了职业流动性，但两种体系对结构性变化的响应相似。
Abstract The mobility effect of general and specific training is a key issue in the debate on the design of educational systems. Using data from two retrospective life‐history surveys, we compare general school‐based vocational training and specific apprenticeship training with regard to inter‐firm, inter‐occupational and inter‐industrial mobility. The results show that workers with school‐based degrees display greater occupational mobility, while no difference in firm and industrial mobility can be discerned. This suggests that apprenticeships do not eliminate job search at labor market entry, that they reduce occupational mobility, and that responsiveness to structural change is similar under both training systems.