An Empirical Exploration of the Population‐Environment Nexus in India
利用印度南部、中部和西部地区的区级数据，实证分析人口增长与环境变化之间的双向关系，区分城乡人口及自然增长与迁移的影响。
Abstract This article presents an empirical study of population growth and environmental change using cross‐section district‐level data from South, Central, and West India. Environmental change is measured using a satellite‐based vegetation index. Unlike prior work, the analysis treats population growth and environmental change as jointly determined, distinguishes between rural and urban populations, and distinguishes between two components of population growth, natural growth and migration. Among key findings are that environmental decline spurs rural population growth and net rural in‐migration, which prompt further environmental decline; environmental improvement spurs urban population growth and net urban in‐migration; and environmental scarcity spurs environmental improvement.