Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development
研究了企业如何从产业研发中获取经济回报，分析了专利、保密、领先时间等保护机制的有效性，对理解创新激励和产业政策有参考价值。
Richard C. Levin, Alvin K. Klevorick, Richard R. Nelson, Sidney G. Winter, Richard Gilbert, Zvi Griliches, Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1987, No. 3, Special Issue On Microeconomics (1987), pp. 783-831