Product development strategies for established market pioneers, early followers, and late entrants
研究成熟市场中不同进入时间的企业（先驱、早期追随者、后来者）在产品开发策略上的差异，发现先驱更可能进行产品开发但侧重小项目，后来者则更少开发但侧重重大项目。
Abstract At the time of entry, market pioneers are known for emphasizing major product development projects. After being in the market for many years, however, do market pioneers, early followers, and late entrants maintain different product development strategies? Data from 2273 established manufacturing businesses reveal that market pioneers have the highest probability of engaging in product development, which covers product R&D spending as well as new product sales. Even so, market pioneers and early followers tend to emphasize minor projects, such as product improvements and line extensions. Late entrants are less likely to engage in product development, but those that do tend to emphasize major development efforts. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.