Empirical Evaluation of Alternative Model Specifications to Predict Commuting Flows
比较了竞争目的地模型与传统重力模型在预测通勤流量上的表现，发现竞争目的地模型更优，且通勤矩阵中对角线元素受劳动市场特征显著影响。
This study is devoted to empirical and modeling aspects on how characteristics of spatial structure influence commuting flows. Within a doubly‐constrained framework, results from a competing‐destinations formulation are evaluated and compared to results from the traditional gravity model. The evaluation depends critically upon the specification of within‐zone journeys‐to‐work. Specific labor‐market characteristics are found to be significant to explain how workers are absorbed in diagonal elements of the trip‐distribution matrix. We also find that the parametric specification of the accessibility measure is important, and that the competing‐destinations formulation is superior to the traditional gravity model.