Adoption and abandonment of irrigation technologies
研究了七种灌溉技术的采用与放弃过程，利用以色列和加沙地区柑橘园的数据估计技术周期，发现经济变量如水价、作物价格和补贴显著影响现代技术的扩散。
Adoption and abandonment processes are analyzed for seven irrigation technologies. A procedure is developed to estimate the technology cycle and applied to data available for citrus groves in several regions of Israel, and Gaza. The technology cycle was used to estimate diffusion-abandonment patterns for several irrigation technologies that have been abandoned. Results suggest that the technology cycle is unique to each technology and similar in length for all regions. Results predict the year of full abandonment of each technology. For modern technologies still in the diffusion phase, a logistic equation was fitted to the aggregated data. Results suggest that diffusion is significantly affected by economic variables such as water price, crop yield price, and subsidy for irrigation equipment. Use of the estimated equations for policy purposes suggest that water price and subsidy for irrigation equipment can be used to control the diffusion process (speed and ceiling) of the irrigation technologies.