Ambidexterity and Unit Performance: Intellectual Capital Antecedents and Cross‐Level Moderating Effects of Human Resource Practices
研究了智力资本（人力、社会、组织资本）对单元双元性的影响，以及组织层面高绩效人力资源实践如何调节这些关系及双元性与绩效的关系，基于148个业务单元的数据分析。
This study develops a cross‐level model examining the effects of intellectual capital facets (i.e., human, social, and organizational capital) on unit ambidexterity. Further, it proposes that organizational‐level high‐performance human resource ( HPHR ) practices significantly shape these effects as well as the unit ambidexterity–unit performance relationship. Hierarchical linear modeling on multisource and lagged data from a sample of 148 business units from 58 US Fortune 500 firms shows that unit human and social capital positively contributes to unit ambidexterity, unit organizational capital has a negative relationship with unit ambidexterity, and organizational HPHR practices amplify the former and mitigate the latter of these unit‐level effects. The findings also reveal that the relationship between ambidexterity and unit performance becomes stronger in organizational contexts of heightened HPHR practices. This multilevel approach increases understanding of how units achieve ambidexterity and attain related performance gains. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.