Management by Objectives: As Developed by Peter Drucker, Assisted by Harold Smiddy
探讨目标管理（MBO）理念的早期发展，彼得·德鲁克在通用电气公司哈罗德·斯密迪协助下奠定其哲学基础，后者在1940年代末已实践“经理信函”概念。
In this article, I discuss the early development of the philosophy and concept of management by objectives (MBO) as it has been traditionally defined in the literature. Peter Drucker worked out the philosophic foundations of MBO with the assistance of Harold Smiddy of the General Electric Company, who was already putting the “manager's letter” concept into practice in the late 1940s.