Diets Versus Diseases: The Anthropometrics of Slave Children
利用人体测量数据构建奴隶的年龄-身高曲线，质疑了Fogel和Engerman关于美国奴隶生活水平较高的观点，尤其针对新生儿、婴儿和儿童的生活水平提出疑问。
What were the living standards of American slaves? According to Robert W. Fogel and Stanley Engerman in their monumental study, Time on the Cross , the material standard of living of slaves compared favorably with that of other nineteenth-century agricultural laborers. More recently, utilizing anthropometric data that allow them to construct ageheight profiles for slaves, economic historians have cast doubts upon this view as it applies to particular age cohorts. They question the validity of the earlier assessment of living standards as it applies to slave newborns, infants, and children.