Technical Change and The Commons
研究了技术变革如何加剧公地悲剧和外部性，提出修正的资源方程来量化技术效率变化的影响，并通过实证说明忽视这些变化会导致政策误导和效率损失。
Abstract This paper addresses normative exploitation of common renewable resources with changes in technology and technical, allocative, and scale efficiency that exacerbate the commons problem and externality. Their impact depends on the rate and nature of change, investment, and state of property rights. An augmented fundamental equation of renewable resources with a modified marginal stock effect and a new marginal technology effect account for changes in disembodied and embodied technology and technical efficiency. Neglecting these changes generates misleading policy advice and dynamic inefficiency with overaccumulation of physical and natural capital and sizable foregone rents. An empirical application illustrates.