The Eye of the Needle: Cultural and Personal Transformation in a Traditional Organization
基于北美汽车制造企业的民族志访谈，研究组织变革中文化假设与个人意识形态转变如何影响变革进程，对管理者和变革推动者理解变革的系统性有参考价值。
This paper, based on ethnographic material gathered in interviews in a North American automobile manufacturing company, explores a particular, idiosyncratic culture in the process of change. It is argued that resistence to the planned change (a socio-technical re-design) demonstrated by organizational participants resulted in part from the clash between deeply held cultural assumptions and those implicit in the socio-technical re-design. Transformation when it occurred tended to be spearheaded by ideological conversion on the individual level facilitated by internal change agents as much as by the consultants. This case illustrates the truly systematic nature of change and the need to take into account structural, cultural, and personal transformation in any change effort.