Information, evolution and utility
探讨人类效用中看似非理性的方面，例如效用常依赖于未被选择的显著选项，并从演化角度解释为何这些看似功能失调的特征可能最优，进而推导对效用函数性质的影响。
ABSTRACT: Human utility embodies a number of seemingly ir-rational aspects. The leading example in this paper is that utilities often depend on the presence of salient unchosen alternatives. Our focus is to un-derstand why an evolutionary process might optimally lead to such seemingly dysfunctional features in our motivations and to derive implications for the nature of our utility functions. Journal of Economic Literature classification numbers C70,C72,D80,D82.