Understanding Ethnic Identity in Africa: Evidence from the Implicit Association Test (IAT)
使用内隐联想测验测量刚果民主共和国居民对不同族群的内隐态度，发现人们对自己族群存在内隐偏好，且这种偏好小于自陈式外显态度。
We use a variant of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to examine individuals' implicit attitudes towards various ethnic groups. Using a population from the Democratic Republic of Congo, we find that the IAT measures show evidence of an implicit bias in favor of one's own ethnicity. Individuals have implicit views of their own ethnic group that are more positive than their implicit views of other ethnic groups. We find this implicit bias to be quantitatively smaller than the (explicit) bias one finds when using self-reported attitudes about different ethnic groups.