Competition and Quality: Evidence From the Nhs Internal Market 1991–9
利用英国政府政策变化，研究竞争对医院质量的影响，发现竞争加剧时医院会降低未测量的质量（如AMI死亡率上升）以改善可观测的等待时间。
This article exploits policy change by the UK government to identify the impact of competition on quality. It uses differences in competition over time and space to examine the impact of competition in an environment with limited quality signals in which hospitals competed mainly on price. Using AMI mortality as a measure of hospital quality we find that the relationship between competition and this measure of quality is negative. We also find that competition reduced waiting times. Our results indicate that hospitals in competitive markets reduced unmeasured and unobserved quality in order to improve measured and observed waiting times. Copyright 2008 The Author(s). Journal compilation Royal Economic Society 2008.