STEM Workers, H-1B Visas, and Productivity in US Cities
研究了1990-2010年间美国219个城市中STEM就业增长对本地工人工资和全要素生产率的影响，发现STEM工作者增加显著提升了大学教育本地工人的工资，对非大学教育工人也有较小但显著的正效应。
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workers are fundamental inputs for innovation, the main driver of productivity growth. We identify the long-run effect of STEM employment growth on outcomes for native workers across 219 US cities from 1990 to 2010. We use the 1980 distribution of foreign-born STEM workers and variation in the H-1B visa program to identify supply-driven STEM increases across cities. Increases in STEM workers are associated with significant wage gains for college-educated natives. Gains for non-college-educated natives are smaller but still significant. Our results imply that foreign STEM increased total factor productivity growth in US cities.