On the Production of Cognitive Achievement and Gaps in Test Scores
利用间接生产函数和动态计量模型，研究认知成就的积累过程，发现黑人和白人儿童的成绩差距随年龄增长而变化，且家庭收入、父母教育水平的影响存在差异。
Abstract Accumulation of cognitive achievement is investigated using an indirect production function, a dynamic econometric model and a rich data set. Gaps between scores of black and white children remain constant, narrow, or disappear entirely as children grow older, depending upon the measure and the family structure. Income elasticities are higher for children of black families, and there are differences in elasticities with respect to parents' educational levels. The effects of fathers' and mothers' educational levels differ. Between children of two‐parent families and mother‐only families, there is a gap that is at least as important as the racial gap.