The Pointwise Stationary Approximation for Queues with Nonstationary Arrivals
通过数值实验检验了逐点平稳近似在多服务台指数服务时间排队系统中的精度，该近似对周期泊松到达过程下的平均延迟等性能指标计算准确，已被证实为真实值的紧上界。
We empirically explore the accuracy of an easily computed approximation for long run, average performance measures such as expected delay and probability of delay in multiserver queueing systems with exponential service times and periodic (sinusoidal) Poisson arrival processes. The pointwise stationary approximation is computed by integrating over time (that is taking the expectation of) the formula for the stationary performance measure with the arrival rate that applies at each point in time. This approximation, which has been empirically confirmed as a tight upper bound of the true value, is shown to be very accurate for a range of parameter values corresponding to a reasonably broad spectrum of real systems.