Peripheral Cities and Their Regions in the Dutch Urban System until 1900
研究了荷兰沿海省份早期形成城市体系，而内陆城市作为区域中心缺乏外部联系；1800年后政治经济统一加速，外围城镇失去独立性，并通过劳动分工和迁移指标分析了1850年后的整合过程。
In the Netherlands a kind of urban system emerged very early in the sea provinces, but inland the country cities functioned as regional capitals without many links to cities outside their regions. After 1800 political and economic unification accelerated and the peripheral towns lost their independence. Using two indicators—the division of labor and migration—the article analyzes how this process of integration took shape after 1850.