The relationship of strategic planning to financial performance
研究了企业规划系统的特征与财务绩效的关系，发现结合外部关注和长期视角的规划系统与股东10年总回报率更高相关，并与投资者4年平均年回报率存在滞后关系。
Abstract The relationship between financial performance and characteristics of corporate planning systems was investigated/Planning systems that combined an external focus with a long‐term perspective were found to be associated with superior 10‐year total return to stockholders. A lagged relationship between such systems and 4‐year average annual returns to investors also was identified.