Strategic Investments and the Development of Multinationals
构建了一个跨国企业行为模型，指出当企业特定成本和运输成本相对于工厂规模经济较大时，跨国生产会成为纳什均衡结果。
A model of multinational behavior is presented in which either the existence or absence of multinationals can be a Nash equilibrium outcome. The key determinant is the relationship between plant scale economies (a force for geographic centralization) and multiplant economies plus transport costs (leading to multinationality). The model predicts that multinational enterprise production arises when firm-specific and transportation costs are large relative to plant scale economies. The latter are both a technological and a strategic variable in the entry decision. Copyright 1987 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.