Devaluation, Fiscal Deficits, and the Real Exchange Rate
研究如何通过财政政策维持名义贬值对实际汇率的影响，发现实际汇率变化不仅取决于贬值幅度和财政调整力度，还取决于减少财政赤字的方式（增税或削减政府支出），并指出削减贸易品支出比非贸易品支出更有利于维持实际汇率贬值。
This article examines the use of fiscal policies to sustain the effects of a nominal devaluation on the real exchange rate. It is shown that the magnitude of the change in the real exchange rate depends not only on the size of the devaluation and the degree of fiscal adjustment but also on the means by which the fiscal deficit is reduced. The change in the nominal exchange rate necessary to maintain the depreciation of the real exchange rate will depend on whether the fiscal deficit is eliminated by increasing taxes or by reducing government expenditures on traded and nontraded goods. The required depreciation of the domestic currency will be larger if the fiscal deficit is reduced by increasing taxes than it will be if the deficit is cut by lowering government expenditures. Further, the depreciation would be smaller if the cuts in expenditure fell on traded rather than nontraded goods. This result implies that the authorities must ensure consistency between exchange rate action and policies to reduce fiscal imbalances in order to achieve a desired level of the real exchange rate necessary to attain balance of payments equilibrium.