When Should Uncertain Nonpoint Emissions Be Penalized in a Trading Program?
研究了在非点源污染随机且损害函数为凸的情况下，何时对非点源排放的预期许可价格应高于确定排放的许可价格，并给出了充要条件。
Abstract When nonpoint source pollution is stochastic and the damage function is convex, intuition might suggest it is more important to control a nonpoint pollution source than a point source. Earlier research has provided sufficient conditions such that the permit price for a unit of ex‐ante expected emissions should be higher than the permit price for a unit of certain emissions. Herein we provide a set of necessary and sufficient conditions such that this is the case. An approach to testing for the validity of the condition set is available, and has been applied to a related problem.