Proactive environmental strategies: a stakeholder management perspective
基于197家比利时企业的样本，分析了环境战略与利益相关者管理的关系，发现更前瞻的环境战略与更广深的利益相关者覆盖相关，但环境领导力与法规重要性无关。
Abstract This paper includes an empirical analysis of the linkages between environmental strategy and stakeholder management. First, it is shown that several simultaneous improvements in various resource domains are required for firms to shift to an empirically significant, higher level of proactiveness. Second, more proactive environmental strategies are associated with a deeper and broader coverage of stakeholders. Third, environmental leadership is not associated with a rising importance of environmental regulations, thereby suggesting a role for voluntary cooperation between firms and government. Finally, the linkages between environmental strategies and stakeholder management, based on a sample of 197 firms operating in Belgium, appear more limited than expected. Country‐specific characteristics may to a large extent account for these results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.